Nocturnal problems in Parkinsons disease

Author(s): M Price, K Hill & P Medcalf

Description

Nocturnal disturbances in patients with Parkinsons disease (PD) are increasingly recognised but remain under-detected, in part due to poor self-reporting and inadequate history taking. The causes are multi-factorial and can be diseaserelated, age related or due to medication and other comorbidity. Treatment is based on limited evidence and relies upon identifying and treating specific causes. This article aims to provide a practical approach to assessment and management as well as discussing the common causes of nocturnal disturbances in this patient group.